Caliph Timeline of Events

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Caliph

The Caliph is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah. It is a transcribed version of the Arabic word   which means "successor" or "representative"...

Timeline of Events

644

11.3.644

Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim caliph, is martyred by a Persian slave in Medina.

680

10.10.680

Battle of Karbala: Hussain bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated by forces under Caliph Yazid I. This is commemorated by Muslims as Aashurah.

762

7.30.762

Baghdad is founded by caliph Al-Mansur.

786

9.14.786

Harun al-Rashid becomes the Abbasid caliph upon the death of his brother al-Hadi.

1009

10.18.1009

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who hacks the Church's foundations down to bedrock.