2005 Kashmir earthquake: Thousands of people are killed by a magnitude 7.6 earthquake in parts of Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.

U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.

A twin engine Cessna and Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) jetliner collide in heavy fog during takeoff from Milan, Italy killing 118.

Oslo's Gardermoen airport opens after the close down of Fornebu airport.

Croatia votes to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia, making the country fully independent

Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: In Jerusalem, Israeli police kill 17 Palestinians and wound over 100 near the Dome of the Rock mosque on the Temple Mount.

Poland bans Solidarity and all trade unions.

Australia's Ken Warby sets the current world water speed record of 317.60mph at Blowering Dam, Australia.

Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.

Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored brigade attacks Egyptian occupied positions on the Israeli side of the Suez Canal, in hope of driving them away. The attack fails, and over 150 Israeli tanks are destroyed.

Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon's October 7 peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion".

The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago, Illinois.

Vietnam War: Operation Sealords

Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.

Algeria joins the United Nations.

Spiegel scandal: ''Der Spiegel'' publishes the article ''"Bedingt abwehrbereit"'' (''"Conditionally prepared for defense"'') about a NATO manoeuver called "Fallex 62", which uncovered the sorry state of the Bundeswehr (Germany's army) facing the communist threat from the east at the time. The magazine is soon accused of treason.

New York Yankees's Don Larsen pitched the only perfect game in a World Series; one of only 20 perfect games in MLB history.

The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash kills 112 people.

World War II: The Battle of Crucifix Hill occurs on Crucifix Hill just outside Aachen. Capt. Bobbie Brown receives a Medal of Honor for his heroics in this battle.

World War II: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.

World War II: Germany annexes Western Poland.

The Indian Air Force is established.

Joseph Szigeti gives the first performance of Alfredo Casella's Violin Concerto.

World War I: In the Argonne Forest in France, United States Corporal Alvin C. York leads an attack that kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132.

First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war against Turkey.

Eulmi incident- Queen Min of Joseon, the last empress of Korea, is assassinated and her corpse burnt by the Japanese in Gyeongbok Palace.

War of the Pacific: the Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos, Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau is killed in the encounter.

Four major fires break out on the shores of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Peshtigo, Wisconsin, Holland, Michigan, and Manistee, Michigan including the Great Chicago Fire, and the much deadlier Peshtigo Fire.

American Civil War: Battle of Perryville

Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.

The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the ''Arrow Incident'' on the Pearl River.

Rail transport: Stephenson's ''The Rocket'' wins The Rainhill Trials.

The government of general José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy.

The Treaty of Ried was signed between Bayern and Austria.

Napoleonic Wars: Forces of the British Empire lay siege to the port of Boulogne in France by using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve.

San Marino adopts its written constitution.

Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.

End of the Spanish siege of Alkmaar, the first Dutch victory in Eighty Years War.

Great standing on the Ugra river, a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan, Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, which results in the retreat of the Tataro-Mongols and the eventual disintegration of the Horde.

Isabella of Angoulême is crowned Queen consort of England.

Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned King of Croatia.

At Chalcedon, a city of Bithynia in Asia Minor, the first session of the Council of Chalcedon begins (ends on November 1).

Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses his European territories.