Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Tsushima ends with the destruction of the Russian Baltic Fleet by Admiral Togo Heihachiro and the Imperial Japanese Navy.

Czar Nicholas II of Russia grants Russia's first constitution, creating a legislative assembly.

Czar Nicholas II of Russia signs a document of amnesty for political prisoners.

The Pravda newspaper is founded by Leon Trotsky, Adolph Joffe, Matvey Skobelev and other Russian exiles in Vienna.

Russian Premier Peter Stolypin is shot at the Kiev Opera House.

Germany declares war on Russia at the opening of World War I. The Swiss Army mobilises because of World War I

World War I: Serbia declares war on Germany; Austria declares war on Russia.

Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire.

First demonstrations in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The beginning of the February Revolution.

Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia's renunciation of the throne is made public, and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia publicly issues his abdication manifesto. The victory of the February Revolution.

Czar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates the Russian throne and his brother the Grand Duke becomes Tsar.

Vladimir Lenin arrives in Russia from exile, marking the beginning of Bolshevik leadership in the Russian Revolution.

The first U.S. troops arrive in France to fight alongside Britain, France, Italy, and Russia against Germany, and Austria-Hungary in World War I.

Russian Revolution: Prince Georgy Yevgenyevich Lvov forms a provisional government in Russia after the deposing of Tsar Nicholas II.

Russia is officially proclaimed a republic.

Traditionally understood date of the October Revolution, involving the capture of the Winter Palace, Petrograd, Russia. The date refers to the Julian Calendar date, and corresponds with November 7 in the Gregorian calendar.

An armistice was signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk and peace talks leading to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk began.

Finland declares independence from Russia.

Lithuania declares its independence from Russia.

The Gregorian calendar introduced in Russia by decree of the Council of People's Commissars effective from February 14(NS)

The Ukraine declares independence from Bolshevik Russia.

Russia adopts the Gregorian Calendar.

Germany, Austria and Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending Russia's involvement in World War I, and leading to the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland.

Moscow becomes the capital of Russia again after Saint Petersburg held this status for 215 years.

Poland declares its independence from Russia.

Latvia declares its independence from Russia.

The Hungarian Soviet Republic is established becoming the first Communist government to be formed in Europe after the October Revolution in Russia.

The Tartu Peace Treaty is signed between Estonia and Russia.

Petrograd, formerly Saint Petersburg, Russia, is renamed ''Leningrad''.

In Mexico City exiled Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky is fatally wounded with an ice axe by Ramon Mercader. He dies the next day.

World War II: Rostov-on-Don, Russia is liberated.

World War II: The Russian city of Bryansk is liberated from Nazis.

In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.

At Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia, 50 people are killed by an explosion of a Vostok-2M rocket on its launch pad during a fueling operation.

Pianist Vladimir Horowitz performs in his native Russia for the first time in 61 years.

Ufa train disaster: A natural gas explosion near Ufa, Russia, kills 575 as two trains passing each other throw sparks near a leaky pipeline.

The name ''Saint Petersburg'' is restored to Russia's second largest city, which had been renamed ''Leningrad'' in 1924.

The leaders of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine sign an agreement dissolving the Soviet Union and establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Russian Federation gains independence from the USSR.

Boris Yeltsin announces that Russia will stop targeting United States cities with nuclear weapons.